Most people know that calcium intake and bone health are intimately linked. But do you know how much calcium is necessary to maintain healthy bones? DXA operators may often be questioned by patients about ways to improve their bone density. It’s always a good idea to refer the patient to a physician or dietary consultant, but here’s a quick guide for radiologic technologists about calcium intake and bone health.
There are three calcium regulating hormones in humans that play a critical role in regulating the calcium level in the body and maintaining healthy bones. These hormones are parathyroid hormone, calcitriol, and calcitonin. Parathyroid hormone stimulates bone formation and bone resorption and maintains the level of calcium in the body. Calcitriol, which is produced from vitamin D, stimulates the intestines to absorb sufficient amounts of calcium and phosphorus and also has a direct effect on bones. Calcitonin is responsible for inhibiting the breakdown of bones and protecting the body against abnormally high calcium levels.